The Department of Anesthesiology conducts a broad range of research spanning the whole gamete from studying patients in the operating rooms, neuroradiology suites, intensive care units and so on, to acute and chronic studies on whole animals, on isolated organs and tissues, and on cells. Faculty laboratories are located on the seventh floor of the Black Building, and the third floor of the Eye Institute. Research is also conducted in the operating rooms, neuroradiology suites and in the intensive care units. Studies involve patients, human volunteers, computer modeling, whole animals, isolated organs, tissues, and single cells. Techniques and facilities are available for animal surgery, physiological and electrophysiological recording, drug analyses, cell culture, cell imaging, biochemistry, as well as receptor, G protein and second messenger pharmacology and state-of-the-art molecular biology. Modern computing facilities are available in the main medical library which is located in an adjacent building. In addition we have a National Institute of Health Training Grant that supports fellowship training. The department has about 4,000 sq. ft. laboratory in the Black Building (711-726). This space was completely refurbished with a core molecular facility in November, 2000. It is furnished with cell culture capabilities, fluorescent microscopy and imaging equipment, a gamma counter, scintillation counter, 3 fume hoods, centrifuges, ultracentrifuges, incubators, water baths, freezers, refrigerators, PCR hoods, thermocyclers, an autoclave, a dishwasher, homogenizer, spectrophotometer, balances, electrophoresis equipment, liquid nitrogen storage. The area contains a fully functional dark room and is adjacent to a library and conference room shared with the Department of Pharmacology. There is also 4,000 sq. ft of research space on the third floor of the Eye Institute (311-317) that was completely renovated in 2003; In July 2003 the neurobiology anesthesia group moved to these new laboratories. State of the art equipment includes electrophysiology stations for two-electrode voltage clamp, whole cell patch clamp, single channel recording with ultra-rapid perfusion, and slice patch recordings. A well isolated quiet room for rodent behavioral experiments, a full set up for in vivo microdialysis work and 3 HPLCs with electrochemical detectors, a microscopy station for intracellular Ca++ studies, and a chemiluminescence imaging station are present. Amply bench space is available for cell biological and molecular biological work. Externally vented hood for work with volatile agents and radioactivity, a dedicated radioactivity room, cold room, and a utility room with an automated dish washer and an autoclave, and a cell culture clean room are shared by all investigators. In addition, the core equipment area houses preparative centrifuge, ultracentrifuge, desk top refrigerated centrifuge, -80 freezers, gradient thermal cycler, fluorescent microplate reader, and an ice machine. The research area has a dedicated office space for an administrative assistant adjacent to a conference room equipped with a LCD projector.